I kēia mau lā, ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi leka mai kahi hoaaloha ma ʻEulopa ʻĀkau e nīnau ana e pili ana i nā mea hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻole i ka wā e ulu ana i nā pepa ʻono i loko o ka hale kōmaena.
He pilikia paʻakikī kēia, no ka poʻe hou i ka mahiʻai. ʻO kaʻu ʻōlelo aʻo ʻaʻole e wikiwiki koke i ka hana mahiʻai. Akā, e hoʻokumu i kahi hui o nā mea ulu akamai, e nānā pono i nā ʻike kūpono āpau e pili ana i ka mahi ʻana, a e hui pū me nā loea loea hilinaʻi.
I ka mahiʻai ʻana i ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hiki i kēlā me kēia kuhi hewa ke loaʻa nā hopena hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻomalu lima ʻia ke kaiapuni a me ke aniau i loko o ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, pono pinepine kēia i ke kālā, waiwai, a me nā kumuwaiwai kanaka. Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia, hiki ke hopena i nā kumukūʻai hana ma mua o nā kumukūʻai mākeke, e alakaʻi ana i nā huahana i kūʻai ʻole ʻia a me nā poho kālā.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka hua o nā mea kanu e kekahi mau kumu. Hoʻopili kēia i ke koho ʻana i nā mea kanu, nā ʻano mahiʻai, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā mea kanu meaʻai, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pest a me nā maʻi. He mea koʻikoʻi a pili pū kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu. Me kēia ʻike, hiki iā mākou ke ʻimi maikaʻi i ka pili ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka ʻāina kūloko i ka hana.
I ka ulu ʻana i nā pepa ʻono ma ʻEulopa ʻĀkau, he mea koʻikoʻi ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana kukui. ʻO nā pepa momona nā mea kanu māmā e koi ana i nā pae kukui kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi loa i ka wā o ka pua a me ka hua. Hoʻoikaika ka mālamalama kūpono i ka photosynthesis, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o nā hua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā kūlana māmā maoli ma ʻEulopa ʻĀkau, ʻoiai i ka wā hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole kūpono i nā pono o nā pepa momona. Hiki i nā hola pōkole o ke ao a me ka ikaika haʻahaʻa o ka mālamalama i ka hoʻoilo ke hoʻolohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā pepa momona a keʻakeʻa i ka ulu ʻana o nā hua.
Hōʻike ka noiʻi ʻo ka ʻoi loa o ka māmā māmā no nā pepa ʻono ma waena o 15,000 a me 20,000 lux i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono kēia pae o ka mālamalama no ka ulu olakino. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā hoʻoilo ma ʻEulopa ʻĀkau, ʻo ka lā maʻamau he 4 a 5 mau hola wale nō, ʻaʻole lawa ia no ka pepa. I ka lawa ʻole o ka mālamalama maoli, pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukui hoʻohui e mālama i ka ulu ʻana o nā pepa momona.
Me 28 mau makahiki o ka ʻike i ke kūkulu hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua lawelawe mākou i 1,200 mau mea kanu hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻike ma 52 mau ʻano mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka hiki ʻana i nā kukui hoʻohui, ʻo nā koho maʻamau ʻo nā kukui LED a me nā kukui HPS. Loaʻa i nā kumu kukui ʻelua ko lākou pono ponoʻī, a pono ke koho ʻia ma muli o nā pono kikoʻī a me nā kūlana o ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
| Nā Koina Hoʻohālikelike | LED (Light Emitting Diode) | HPS (Kukui Sodium Puhi Kiʻekiʻe) |
| Hoʻohana i ka ikehu | ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu haʻahaʻa, maʻamau e mālama i ka ikehu 30-50%. | Kiʻekiʻe ikehu hoʻohana |
| Māmā Māmā | ʻO ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe, e hāʻawi ana i nā lōʻihi nalu pono no ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu | ʻO ka hana kūpono, hāʻawi nui i ka spectrum ʻulaʻula-ʻalani |
| Hanau Wela | Haʻahaʻa wela hanauna, hoemi i ka pono no ka hale hoʻoluʻu | ʻO ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe, pono paha e hoʻomaha hou |
| Kau ola | ʻO ke ola lōʻihi (a hiki i 50,000+ hola) | ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ke ola (ma kahi o 10,000 mau hola) |
| Hiki ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka Spectrum | Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e kūpono i nā pae ulu like ʻole | Hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka ʻulaʻula-ʻalani |
| Hoʻokomo mua | ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopukapuka mua | Haʻahaʻa hoʻopukapuka mua |
| Uku Hoomalu | ʻO nā kumukūʻai mālama haʻahaʻa, liʻiliʻi ka hoʻololi pinepine | ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kumukūʻai mālama, hoʻololi pinepine i ka ʻōpuʻu |
| Ka hopena o ke kaiapuni | Pili kaiaola me nā mea pōʻino ʻole | Loaʻa i nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka mercury, pono e mālama pono |
| Ke kūpono | He kūpono no nā mea kanu like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pono kikoʻī kikoʻī | Nui akā ʻaʻole kūpono no nā mea kanu e pono ai nā kikoʻī māmā |
| Nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi | ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no ka mahiʻai kū pololei a me nā kaiapuni me ka mana māmā | He kūpono no nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo maʻamau a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu nui |
Ma muli o kā mākou ʻike hana ma CFGET, ua ʻohi mākou i kekahi mau ʻike i nā hoʻolālā kanu like ʻole:
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kukui High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) no ka ulu ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu. Hāʻawi lākou i ka nui o ka māmā a me ka lakene kukui ʻulaʻula kiʻekiʻe, kahi mea e pono ai no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ulu a me ka oʻo ʻana. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka mua.
Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kukui LED no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā pua. ʻO kā lākou spectrum hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, ka ikaika o ka māmā hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me ka hoʻopuka wela haʻahaʻa hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono kukui kūikawā o nā pua i nā pae ulu. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka mua, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o nā koina hana lōʻihi.
No laila, ʻaʻohe koho maikaʻi loa; e pili ana i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mea i kūpono i kāu mau pono kikoʻī. Manaʻo mākou e kaʻana like i kā mākou ʻike me nā mea ulu, e hana pū ana e ʻimi a hoʻomaopopo i nā hana o kēlā me kēia ʻōnaehana. Hoʻopili kēia i ka nānā ʻana i ka pono o kēlā me kēia ʻōnaehana a me ka helu ʻana i nā kumukūʻai hana e hiki mai ana e kōkua i nā mea kanu e hana i ka koho kūpono loa no ko lākou kūlana.
Hoʻomaopopo kā mākou mau lawelawe ʻoihana i ka hoʻoholo hope e hoʻokumu ʻia i nā pono kikoʻī o ka mea kanu, ka ulu ulu ʻana, a me ke kālā.
No ka loiloi maikaʻi ʻana a hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana kukui hoʻohui ʻia, helu mākou i ka nui o nā kukui e pono ai ma muli o ke kiko kikoʻī a me nā pae lux, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu. Hāʻawi kēia ʻikepili i kahi hiʻohiʻona piha e kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa ka ʻike maopopo o nā ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana.
Ua kono au i kā mākou keʻena ʻenehana e hōʻike a kūkākūkā i nā ʻano helu helu, kikoʻī no ka "helu ʻana i nā koi kukui hou no nā kumu kukui ʻokoʻa ʻelua i loko o kahi hale aniani aniani 3,000 square square ma ʻEulopa ʻĀkau, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahi ʻeke substrate no ka ulu ʻana i nā pepa momona":
Nā kukui hoʻonui LED
1) Pono mana kukui:
1. E noʻonoʻo i kahi koi mana o 150-200 watts no ka mika square.
2. Ka nui o ka mana o ka mana = Area (mea like mika) × Mana mana no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ʻāpana (watts / square meter)
3. Ka helu ʻana: 3,000 square meters × 150-200 watts / square meter = 450,000-600,000 watts
2) Ka helu o nā kukui:
1. Manaʻo i kēlā me kēia kukui LED he mana o 600 watts.
2. Ka helu o nā kukui = Ka nui o ka mana ÷ Mana no ke kukui
3. Ka helu ʻana: 450,000-600,000 watts ÷ 600 watts = 750-1,000 kukui
3) Hoʻohana ikehu i kēlā me kēia lā:
1. E noʻonoʻo e hana ana kēlā me kēia kukui LED no nā hola 12 i kēlā me kēia lā.
2.Ka hoʻohana ikehu i kēlā me kēia lā = Ka helu o nā kukui × Mana no ke kukui × Nā hola hana
3. Ka helu: 750-1,000 kukui × 600 watts × 12 hola = 5,400,000-7,200,000 watt-hola
4. Hoʻololi: 5,400-7,200 kilowatt-hola
Kukui Hooko HPS
1) Pono mana kukui:
1. E noʻonoʻo i kahi koi mana o 400-600 watts no ka mika square.
2. Ka nui o ka mana o ka mana = Area (mea like mika) × Mana mana no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ʻāpana (watts / square meter)
3. Ka helu ʻana: 3,000 square meters × 400-600 watts / square meter = 1,200,000-1,800,000 watts
2) Ka helu o nā kukui:
1. Manaʻo i kēlā me kēia kukui HPS ka mana o 1,000 watts.
2. Ka helu o nā kukui = Ka nui o ka mana ÷ Mana no ke kukui
3. Ka helu ʻana: 1,200,000-1,800,000 watts ÷ 1,000 watts = 1,200-1,800 kukui
3) Hoʻohana ikehu i kēlā me kēia lā:
1. Manaʻo e holo ana kēlā me kēia kukui HPS no nā hola 12 i kēlā me kēia lā.
2.Ka hoʻohana ikehu i kēlā me kēia lā = Ka helu o nā kukui × Mana no ke kukui × Nā hola hana
3. Ka helu: 1,200-1,800 kukui × 1,000 watts × 12 hola = 14,400,000-21,600,000 watt-hola
4. Hoʻololi: 14,400-21,600 kilowatt-hola
| 'ikamu | Nā kukui hoʻonui LED | Kukui Hooko HPS |
| Pono mana kukui | 450,000-600,000 watts | 1,200,000-1,800,000 watts |
| Ka helu o nā kukui | 750-1,000 kukui | 1,200-1,800 kukui |
| Hoʻohana i ka ikehu i kēlā me kēia lā | 5,400-7,200 kilowatt-hola | 14,400-21,600 kilowatt-hola |
Ma o kēia ʻano helu helu, manaʻolana mākou e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻike maopopo loa i nā ʻano kumu o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hale hoʻomehana honua—e like me ka helu ʻikepili a me nā hoʻolālā hoʻomalu kaiapuni—e hana i kahi loiloi maikaʻi.
Mahalo nui i kā mākou mea hoʻolako kukui hoʻonui ulu ulu ulu ma CFGET no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻāpana kūpono a me nā ʻikepili no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻonohonoho kukui.
Manaʻo wau e hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻike hohonu i nā pae mua o ka mahi ʻana i ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻike ikaika i ko mākou neʻe ʻana i mua. Manaʻo wau e hana pū me ʻoe i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hana pū ana me ka lima e hoʻokumu i ka waiwai.
ʻO wau ʻo Coraline. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1990, ua paʻa loa ʻo CFGET i ka ʻoihana ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, a me ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana ka waiwai nui e alakaʻi i kā mākou hui. Hoʻoikaika mākou e ulu pū me kā mākou mea ulu, e hoʻomau mau ana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kā mākou lawelawe e hāʻawi i nā ʻoluʻolu ʻōmaʻomaʻo maikaʻi loa.
Ma Chengfei Greenhouse, ʻaʻole mākou he mea hana hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo wale nō; ʻo mākou kāu mau hoa. Mai nā kūkākūkā kikoʻī i nā pae hoʻolālā a hiki i ke kākoʻo piha i kāu huakaʻi, ke kū nei mākou me ʻoe, e kū pū ana i kēlā me kēia pilikia. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou ma o ka hui pū ʻana a me ka hoʻoikaika mau ʻana e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻokō i ka kūleʻa mau loa.
—— Coraline, Luna Nui o CFGETMea kākau kumu: Coraline
Hoʻolaha Kuleana kope: Ua kuleana kope ʻia kēia ʻatikala kumu. E ʻoluʻolu e kiʻi i ka ʻae ma mua o ka hoʻouna hou ʻana.
#GreenhouseFarming
#PepperCultivation
#Ke kukui LED
#HPSLighting
#GreenhouseTechnology
#European Agriculture
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-12-2024
